Which part of the body is regulated by the autonomic nervous system?

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is primarily responsible for regulating involuntary body functions. This system controls physiological processes that occur without conscious effort, such as heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate, and reflex actions. It operates automatically, regulating internal organs and systems to maintain homeostasis and respond to various stimuli.

In contrast, voluntary movements are managed by the somatic nervous system, which involves conscious control of muscles. Sensory perception and cognitive functions are associated with complex interactions in the central nervous system, particularly involving sensory pathways and higher brain functions, rather than the autonomic nervous system. Therefore, recognizing that the ANS governs involuntary body functions encapsulates its role in maintaining vital physiological operations without requiring conscious thought.