Which condition is characterized by excessive bleeding due to a deficiency of a coagulation factor?

The condition characterized by excessive bleeding due to a deficiency of a coagulation factor is hemophilia. Hemophilia is a genetic disorder where individuals have inadequate levels of clotting factors, which are essential proteins needed for blood coagulation. When these factors are deficient, the body's ability to stop bleeding is impaired, leading to prolonged bleeding episodes, easy bruising, and joint swelling or pain from internal bleeding.

In hemophilia, the most commonly affected factors are factor VIII in hemophilia A and factor IX in hemophilia B. Treatment typically involves the replacement of the missing clotting factor to help manage bleeding episodes.

Understanding hemophilia is crucial in the context of coagulation disorders as it underscores the importance of coagulation factors and their role in hemostasis, the process of blood clotting. Other conditions like anemia, thrombosis, and leukemia do not primarily stem from a deficiency of coagulation factors affecting the bleeding process in the same manner.