What type of sensation is primarily detected by Merkel cells?

Merkel cells are specialized mechanoreceptors located in the basal epidermis, specifically in the stratum basale layer of the skin. They are particularly responsive to light touch stimuli, making them essential for detecting fine textures and shapes. When the skin is lightly touched, Merkel cells respond to the deformation of the skin, allowing the nervous system to interpret gentle pressure or light touch sensations. This ability to discern detailed tactile information is vital for various functions, such as sensing the surface of objects and experiencing the texture of different materials.

Understanding the role of Merkel cells is important in the context of the skin's sensory functions, as they play a key part in the overall perception of touch, particularly when the pressure is minimal. This makes their primary function distinctly aligned with the sensation of light touch rather than deeper pressure, temperature variations, or pain.