What term is used to describe conditions that are inherited or genetic?

The term "congenital" refers specifically to conditions that are present at birth and are often associated with genetic factors. Congenital conditions can be inherited from parents through genetic transmission or can arise from mutations in the genes. These conditions are typically evident from infancy or early childhood, and they encompass a wide range of disorders, including physical malformations, genetic syndromes, and metabolic disorders.

In contrast, the other terms describe different concepts. Acquired conditions are those that develop after birth due to environmental factors or other influences, rather than being genetically inherited. Environmental conditions stem from external factors that affect a person’s health, such as exposure to toxins or lifestyle choices. Pathological refers to diseases or disorders that affect normal bodily functions but does not specifically indicate if they are hereditary or acquired. By highlighting the relationship of congenital conditions to genetics and inheritance, it becomes clear why this term is the correct choice in the context of inherited or genetic conditions.