What is the term for the swelling that occurs when fluid escapes blood vessels and surrounds injured tissue?

The term that describes the swelling occurring when fluid escapes blood vessels and accumulates around injured tissue is edema. Edema is characterized by the excess fluid in the tissues, which can result from various factors, including inflammation, injury, or an allergic reaction. When there is damage to blood vessels, plasma can leak out into the surrounding tissue, leading to swelling and the noticeable increase in size of the affected area.

Understanding edema is crucial in the context of injury and healing, as it is a natural response by the body to protect the area and initiate the healing process. The accumulation of fluid can also serve as a mechanism for delivering immune cells to the site of injury, which is essential for preventing infection and promoting recovery.