What is the optimal sterilization time and pressure for packaged instruments in an autoclave?

The correct answer identifies that the optimal sterilization time and pressure for packaged instruments in an autoclave is 30 minutes at 15 PSI. This combination is widely accepted in the healthcare industry for effective sterilization.

Sterilization in an autoclave involves steam under pressure, which increases the temperature, allowing for the destruction of all forms of microbial life, including spores. The standard pressure for effective sterilization is typically set at 15 PSI, which corresponds to the necessary temperature of approximately 121 degrees Celsius (250 degrees Fahrenheit). The duration of 30 minutes is recommended to ensure that the steam penetrates the packaging and reaches all surfaces of the instruments, effectively killing any potential pathogens.

Shorter durations or lower pressures, such as those indicated in some of the other choices, may not guarantee adequate sterilization since they might not provide sufficient time for the steam to eliminate all microorganisms completely or fail to maintain the essential temperature over the period needed for thorough sterilization.