In laser therapy, what does the term "fluence" refer to?

Fluence in laser therapy specifically refers to the energy absorbed per unit area, typically expressed in Joules per square centimeter (J/cm²). This parameter is crucial as it influences the effectiveness of laser treatments. The amount of energy delivered to a specific area directly affects how much of the target tissue will respond to the laser—whether in terms of rejuvenation, hair removal, or other therapeutic effects.

Understanding fluence is vital for practitioners because using an appropriate level of fluence ensures that treatment is not too superficial (which would be ineffective) or too intense (which could cause damage to surrounding tissues). The precise calibration of fluence allows for optimal outcomes while minimizing side effects.